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Browse by Author: Mark Hoffmann
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Prevention and Management of Frost Injury in Wine Grapes

By: Mark Hoffmann, David Lockwood, Barclay Poling

This factsheet provides recommended practices and management strategies for protecting wine grapes from spring frost damage.

A Preliminary Analysis of North Carolina’s Winegrape Cultivars: Their Geographic Distribution and Climatic Characteristics

By: Mark Hoffmann, Joseph Forrest

The publication explores how temperature affects viticulture in North Carolina, focusing on regional temperature conditions as key factors in grape and wine quality. The study includes four models that outline temperature regimes across the state, discusses climate change implications for viticulture, and recommends winegrape cultivars for new and replacement plantings.

Grapevine Virus Distribution, Identification, and Management in North Carolina

By: Mark Hoffmann, Emma Volk, Win Talton, Maher Al Rwahnih, Christie Almeyda, Hannah Burrack, Brett Blaauw, Matt Bertone

This publication reviews the results of a survey conducted to assess the distribution of grapevine leafroll-associated viruses (GLRaV) and grapevine red blotch virus (GRBV) in North Carolina. It provides information on identifying disease symptoms, collecting samples, submitting samples for virus testing, and best grapevine virus management practices for new vineyards and established mature vineyards.

Preliminary Study of Grapevine Virus Incidence and Severity in North Carolina Muscadine Vineyards.

By: Kimberly Heagy, Christie Almeyda, Chunying Li, Mark Hoffmann

A muscadine virus survey was conducted in 2024 to assess the incidence of grapevine viruses across North Carolina (NC). This was a continuation of prior research in 2018-2020 on bunch grapes which confirmed the presence of grapevine viruses within NC vineyards. For this survey, muscadine vines were tested for grapevine leafroll associated virus complex (GLRaV-2, 3, 4, 7), grapevine red blotch virus (GRBV), grapevine virus A and B (GVA and GVB), grapevine rupetsris stem pitting-associated virus (GRSPaV), tomato ringspot virus (TRSV), and grapevine Syrah virus-1 (GSyV-1). Leaf-petiole samples were collected from 270 asymptomatic vines sampled across 8 vineyards. Samples were collected using a sterile technique with gloved hands and ethanol solution and evaluated at the NC State Micropropagation Unit. RNA was extracted from samples and then evaluated for viruses using Rt qPCR assays. The results show 37.1% incidence of GLRaV-2, 25.7% of GVB, 2.4% incidence of Xylella fastidiosa, and 0.5% incidence of GSyV-1. The total virus incidence was a 42.3% (89 vines) with co-infection incidence of 22.9% (48 vines). Additional muscadine testing will continue to understand the implication of muscadines viruses to both muscadines and bunch grapes crops.

Management Guide for Sour Rot in North Carolina

By: Karen Blaedow, Hannah Burrack, Mark Hoffmann, Sara Villani

This publication gives an overview of sour-rot management in European-style grapevines in North Carolina. We explain what the causes of sour rot, show pictures, discuss susceptible cultivars and give management recommendations.

Under Trellis Cover Crops for North Carolina Vineyards

By: William Gill Giese, Mark Hoffmann

This publication discusses research on under trellis cover crops at a North Carolina commercial vineyard and the impact of the practice on grapevine vigor, yield, vine balance, and fruit chemistry. It also covers under trellis cover crop management, common pitfalls, and mistakes to avoid.

Fresh-Market Muscadines: A 2019 survey to gather insights into important issues for growers

By: Rania Hassan, Mark Hoffmann

This survey was conducted online from June 30, 2019 to July 15, 2019 to ask muscadine fresh-market growers about heir largest issues of concern. Marketing and consumer education as well as the development of extended seasons through new breeding material were among the highest ranked priorities for muscadine growers in NC.